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PSIR Highest scorer Swati Sharma AIR 17 was a student of Enlight IAS PSIR and GS daily answer writing Program.
It's very affordable program by Enlight IAS. Apart from this Enlight IAS is the most recommended institute for Prelims test series. 600+ students qualified prelims Click here to know
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π Indiaβs Disaster Risk Profile: Key Facts & Figures
π Latest indicators from official sources
β Indiaβs Disaster Preparedness Score = 19.2
(Source: SDG India Index 2024)
β India would lose 6% of working hours due to heat stress (β 35 million full-time jobs)
(Source: ILO)
β Expected financial losses due to heat stress = $2.4 trillion globally by 2030
(Source: ILO)
β Nearly 90% of India lies in danger zone from heatwave impact
(Source: PLOS)
β Drought impact reduced Indiaβs GDP by up to 5% in the last 20 years
(Source: UNCCD report)
β Drought-prone areas increased by 60% in last 25 years
(Source: NIDM)
β 40% of Indiaβs land and 70% of cropped area is drought-prone, affecting >40% of population
(Source: NIDM)
β In 60 years, floods caused βΉ4.5 trillion loss and >1 lakh deaths
(Source: Down to Earth)
β Over 12% of land prone to floods & river erosion
(Source: NDMA)
β 60% of India vulnerable to earthquakes where >80% of population lives
(Source: NDMA β Earthquake Disaster Risk Index Report)
β 75% of coastline & 1/3rd population vulnerable to cyclone-related disasters
(Source: IMD)
β India is exposed to 10% of worldβs tropical cyclones
(Source: IMD)
#GS3 #DisasterManagement #Data
#Disaster_management
#GS3
Join @CSE_EXAM
@UPSC_FACTS
π Latest indicators from official sources
β Indiaβs Disaster Preparedness Score = 19.2
(Source: SDG India Index 2024)
β India would lose 6% of working hours due to heat stress (β 35 million full-time jobs)
(Source: ILO)
β Expected financial losses due to heat stress = $2.4 trillion globally by 2030
(Source: ILO)
β Nearly 90% of India lies in danger zone from heatwave impact
(Source: PLOS)
β Drought impact reduced Indiaβs GDP by up to 5% in the last 20 years
(Source: UNCCD report)
β Drought-prone areas increased by 60% in last 25 years
(Source: NIDM)
β 40% of Indiaβs land and 70% of cropped area is drought-prone, affecting >40% of population
(Source: NIDM)
β In 60 years, floods caused βΉ4.5 trillion loss and >1 lakh deaths
(Source: Down to Earth)
β Over 12% of land prone to floods & river erosion
(Source: NDMA)
β 60% of India vulnerable to earthquakes where >80% of population lives
(Source: NDMA β Earthquake Disaster Risk Index Report)
β 75% of coastline & 1/3rd population vulnerable to cyclone-related disasters
(Source: IMD)
β India is exposed to 10% of worldβs tropical cyclones
(Source: IMD)
#GS3 #DisasterManagement #Data
#Disaster_management
#GS3
Join @CSE_EXAM
@UPSC_FACTS
β€11π3π1
#Goodmorning
β³45 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
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β³45 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
β³131 days left IfoS mains 16 Nov
β³320 days left CSP26 [ 24-05-26]
β³409 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
β³15 days JKPSC 23th July
β³19 days UPPSC RO ARO 27 July
β³26 days left capf AC 3 Aug
β³64 days left 71th BPSC
β³82 days MPSC prelims 28 Sept
β³ 96 days left UPPSC prelims 12 Oct
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#Accountability
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π Case Study: Sinking of Joshimath
π Joshimath, located in Chamoli district of Uttarakhand, is facing severe land subsidence driven by both natural vulnerabilities and human-induced stress.
β Key Geophysical Factors
β’ Located in a high-risk seismic zone (Zone V).
β’ Lies over active fault lines β Vaikrita Thrust and Main Central Thrust.
β’ Built on geologically unstable terrain of old landslide debris.
β Human-Induced Stress
β’ Unregulated construction and large-scale hydroelectric projects have disturbed the fragile ecosystem.
β’ Increased rainfall and blocked drainage systems further exacerbate ground instability.
π Way Forward
β Urgent steps needed include:
β’ Regulated development
β’ Scientific and geological reassessment
β’ Seismic risk mitigation planning
Protecting Joshimath demands a balance between ecology and development.
#GS1 #Geography #DisasterManagement #Joshimath
π Joshimath, located in Chamoli district of Uttarakhand, is facing severe land subsidence driven by both natural vulnerabilities and human-induced stress.
β Key Geophysical Factors
β’ Located in a high-risk seismic zone (Zone V).
β’ Lies over active fault lines β Vaikrita Thrust and Main Central Thrust.
β’ Built on geologically unstable terrain of old landslide debris.
β Human-Induced Stress
β’ Unregulated construction and large-scale hydroelectric projects have disturbed the fragile ecosystem.
β’ Increased rainfall and blocked drainage systems further exacerbate ground instability.
π Way Forward
β Urgent steps needed include:
β’ Regulated development
β’ Scientific and geological reassessment
β’ Seismic risk mitigation planning
Protecting Joshimath demands a balance between ecology and development.
π Mains GS1 Q
Q. The crisis in Joshimath highlights the tension between environmental fragility and developmental pressures in Himalayan towns. Analyse the causes of the crisis and suggest sustainable solutions.
#GS1 #Geography #DisasterManagement #Joshimath
β€6π1
An entire sea of water can't sink a ship unless it gets inside the ship. Similarly, the negativity of the world can't put you down unless you allow it to get inside you.
π16β€6π₯5π3π2
Hello everyone!
Iβm Pramod Kumar Singh β Iβve reached the UPSC CSE interview three times, most recently in 2024. Iβve also served as a mentor on Unacademy and other leading coaching platforms.
I've distilled every insight, strategy and lesson from my journey into Ease My Prep -> 1995β2025 PYQs by topic, π Trend analysis, Elimination-matrix tests to build guessing skills, Constitution , daily editorials & more....
πAndroid: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=in.unique.easemyprep.ease_my_prep
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πTelegram Channel for notes/content : www.tg-me.com/UPSCEaseMyPrep
ππ₯ Free 3-Month PYQ Program , Duration: July 7 β September 30
Daily Prelims & Mains questions will appear on app
Complete coverage of all Mains tags (Paper β Topic β Subtopic β Tag)
Tag-wise notes & trend analysis will be provide in the telegram channel
π Join the discussion on Telegram:
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Letβs conquer UPSC together!
Iβm Pramod Kumar Singh β Iβve reached the UPSC CSE interview three times, most recently in 2024. Iβve also served as a mentor on Unacademy and other leading coaching platforms.
I've distilled every insight, strategy and lesson from my journey into Ease My Prep -> 1995β2025 PYQs by topic, π Trend analysis, Elimination-matrix tests to build guessing skills, Constitution , daily editorials & more....
πAndroid: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=in.unique.easemyprep.ease_my_prep
πiOS: https://apps.apple.com/in/app/ease-my-prep/id6747049482
πTelegram Channel for notes/content : www.tg-me.com/UPSCEaseMyPrep
ππ₯ Free 3-Month PYQ Program , Duration: July 7 β September 30
Daily Prelims & Mains questions will appear on app
Complete coverage of all Mains tags (Paper β Topic β Subtopic β Tag)
Tag-wise notes & trend analysis will be provide in the telegram channel
π Join the discussion on Telegram:
www.tg-me.com/UPSCEaseMyPrep
Letβs conquer UPSC together!
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π Land, Forest, and Water Data β Snapshot
β 1 million sq km of land is getting degraded each year, with an estimated 15 million sq km already impacted (more than the entire continent of Antarctica) by land degradation
πΉ UNCCD β Land Degradation
β 27.77% of the total land area is degraded
πΉ SDG India Index 2024 β Land Degradation
β 46% global land area classified as drylands, home to a third of humanity
πΉ UNCCD Report β Drylands
β Forest Cover in India = 25% of geographical area (81 million hectares)
πΉ ISFR 2021 β Forest Cover
β There has been a net increase of 58,891 sq km in forest cover and 14,277 sq km in tree cover in the last two decades (2001 to 2021)
πΉ ISFR 2021
β Area under mangroves = 4992 sq km
πΉ ISFR 2021 β Mangroves
β 1.3 million hectares area covered under afforestation schemes
πΉ SDG India Index 2024 β Afforestation
β Remaining global forest cover is 60% β well below the safe boundary of 75%
πΉ UNCCD report β Forest Cover
β 20% of Earthβs land surface covered by the savanna is now under threat from cropland expansion and poorly planned afforestation
πΉ UNCCD report β Grasslands
β 47% aquifers of the world are being depleted faster than they are replenished
πΉ UNCCD Report β Water
β More than 50% of worldβs major rivers disrupted by dam construction
πΉ UNCCD Report β Water, Rivers, Dam
#Data #GS1 #GS2 #GS3 #mains
Join @CSE_EXAM
@UPSC_FACTS
β 1 million sq km of land is getting degraded each year, with an estimated 15 million sq km already impacted (more than the entire continent of Antarctica) by land degradation
πΉ UNCCD β Land Degradation
β 27.77% of the total land area is degraded
πΉ SDG India Index 2024 β Land Degradation
β 46% global land area classified as drylands, home to a third of humanity
πΉ UNCCD Report β Drylands
β Forest Cover in India = 25% of geographical area (81 million hectares)
πΉ ISFR 2021 β Forest Cover
β There has been a net increase of 58,891 sq km in forest cover and 14,277 sq km in tree cover in the last two decades (2001 to 2021)
πΉ ISFR 2021
β Area under mangroves = 4992 sq km
πΉ ISFR 2021 β Mangroves
β 1.3 million hectares area covered under afforestation schemes
πΉ SDG India Index 2024 β Afforestation
β Remaining global forest cover is 60% β well below the safe boundary of 75%
πΉ UNCCD report β Forest Cover
β 20% of Earthβs land surface covered by the savanna is now under threat from cropland expansion and poorly planned afforestation
πΉ UNCCD report β Grasslands
β 47% aquifers of the world are being depleted faster than they are replenished
πΉ UNCCD Report β Water
β More than 50% of worldβs major rivers disrupted by dam construction
πΉ UNCCD Report β Water, Rivers, Dam
#Data #GS1 #GS2 #GS3 #mains
Join @CSE_EXAM
@UPSC_FACTS
β€5β€βπ₯2
#Goodmorning
β³44 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
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β³14 days JKPSC 23th July
β³18 days UPPSC RO ARO 27 July
β³25 days left capf AC 3 Aug
β³63 days left 71th BPSC
β³81 days MPSC prelims 28 Sept
β³ 95 days left UPPSC prelims 12 Oct
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
β³44 days left CSM25 [ 22-08-25]
β³130 days left IfoS mains 16 Nov
β³319 days left CSP26 [ 24-05-26]
β³408 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
β³14 days JKPSC 23th July
β³18 days UPPSC RO ARO 27 July
β³25 days left capf AC 3 Aug
β³63 days left 71th BPSC
β³81 days MPSC prelims 28 Sept
β³ 95 days left UPPSC prelims 12 Oct
#Target
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β€5
π Coastal Landforms β UPSC Notes
π Classification & Significance | Erosion, Deposition, and Government Response
β Erosional Landforms
β€ Headlands and Bays: Waves erode softer rock (bays); harder rock forms headlands.
β€ Cliffs and Wave-Cut Platforms: Cliffs formed by relentless wave pounding; erosion creates flat platforms at the base.
β€ Caves, Arches, Stacks, Stumps: Waves carve caves in headlands β grow into arches β collapse into stacks β eroded into stumps.
β Depositional Landforms
β€ Beaches: Formed by accumulation of eroded rock fragments by wave action.
β€ Spits, Bars and Lagoons: Spits = sand extensions into sea; when connected across a bay = bars, forming lagoons behind.
β Significance of Coastal Landforms
β€ Tourism Hubs: Especially beaches (major attractions).
β€ Mineral Resources: Beaches may contain gold (Subarnarekha River) & thorium (Kerala).
β Threats of Coastal Erosion
β€ Vulnerable Coastlines: 33.6% of Indiaβs coastline under threat; Odisha most affected (28%).
β€ Community Impact: Loss of boats, nets, fishing spaces; habitat destruction and displacement.
β Government Measures to Prevent Erosion
β€ Mangrove planting & shelterbelts
β€ Installing Geo-tubes
β€ Rs. 2500 crore under 15th Finance Commission for resettlement of displaced families and mitigation efforts.
#GS1 #Geography #CoastalErosion #DisasterMitigation
π Classification & Significance | Erosion, Deposition, and Government Response
β Erosional Landforms
β€ Headlands and Bays: Waves erode softer rock (bays); harder rock forms headlands.
β€ Cliffs and Wave-Cut Platforms: Cliffs formed by relentless wave pounding; erosion creates flat platforms at the base.
β€ Caves, Arches, Stacks, Stumps: Waves carve caves in headlands β grow into arches β collapse into stacks β eroded into stumps.
β Depositional Landforms
β€ Beaches: Formed by accumulation of eroded rock fragments by wave action.
β€ Spits, Bars and Lagoons: Spits = sand extensions into sea; when connected across a bay = bars, forming lagoons behind.
β Significance of Coastal Landforms
β€ Tourism Hubs: Especially beaches (major attractions).
β€ Mineral Resources: Beaches may contain gold (Subarnarekha River) & thorium (Kerala).
β Threats of Coastal Erosion
β€ Vulnerable Coastlines: 33.6% of Indiaβs coastline under threat; Odisha most affected (28%).
β€ Community Impact: Loss of boats, nets, fishing spaces; habitat destruction and displacement.
β Government Measures to Prevent Erosion
β€ Mangrove planting & shelterbelts
β€ Installing Geo-tubes
β€ Rs. 2500 crore under 15th Finance Commission for resettlement of displaced families and mitigation efforts.
π Prelims MCQ
Which of the following is a depositional coastal feature?
(a) Stack
(b) Cliff
(c) Lagoon
(d) Cave
β Ans: (c) Lagoon
π Mains Q (GS1 β Geography)
Discuss the formation and significance of coastal landforms. How is coastal erosion impacting Indiaβs coastal communities and what measures are being taken to mitigate it?
#GS1 #Geography #CoastalErosion #DisasterMitigation
π1
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